Apart from regular wheel wear such as decreasing wheel diameters and reduced flange thicknesses and heights, wheel flats (WF) and oval wheels (or OOR, Out-Of-Roundness) are the most common wheelset problems for railwayvehicles. Within the FP7 Research Project “ Saferail” , APT has developed an innovative wheelset monitoring systemso-called “ Wheel flat and Out of Roundness Monitoring (WORM) system” . The monitoring system is installed on thetrack and is based on the vibration signals measured during the passage of trains. The main advantages of vibrationsignals are the short measurement time of just a few seconds, and the very limited number of sensors to be installed. As a consequence, the track space required for the installation of the equipment is very limited and thus the associatedinstallation cost is significantly reduced. Early detection of wheel flats combined with appropriate corrective actionnot only contributes to lower track stresses and wear, but also results in a longer wheel life. The WORM system reportsall measured vehicles via a web interface so no user software installations are necessary. A historical overviewof measurements and alarms can easily be retrieved from the proposed system. Immediate alerts can be programmedto be sent by email or text message. These advantages make the APT-WORM system as a strong device to increase theservice life of the wheel and decrease the maintenance cost by optimizing the maintenance intervals.

Apart from regular wheel wear such as decreasing wheel diameters and reduced flange thicknesses and heights, wheelflats (WF) and oval wheels (or OOR, Out-Of-Roundness) are the most common wheelset problems for railway vehicles. Within the FP7 Research Project “ Saferail” , APT has developed an innovative wheelset monitoring system so-called “ Wheelflat and Out of Roundness Monitoring (WORM) system” . The monitoring system is installed on the track and is based on the vibration signals measured during the passage of trains. The main advantages of vibration signals are the short measurement time of just a few seconds, and the very limited number of sensors to be installed. As a consequence, the track space required for the installation of the equipment is very limited and thus the associated installation cost is significantly reduced. Early detection of wheelflats combined with appropriate corrective action not only contributes to lower track stresses and wear, but also results in a longer wheel life. The WORM system reports all measured vehicles via a web interface so no user software installations are necessary. A historical overview of measurements and alarms can easily be retrieved from the proposed system. Immediate alerts can be programmed to be sent by email or text message. These advantages make the APT-WORM system as a strong device to increase the service life of the wheel and decrease the maintenance cost by optimizing the maintenance intervals.

Introduction: Severe hemodilution result in renal injury and so, acute Renal failure can occured. This problem increases hospital stay in ICU and patients face to the serious problems- even death- can be occurred. In this study, we evaluated renal function after CABG in patients whom their hematocrit levels during cardiopulmonary bypass have been preserved in recommended range by text books. Methods and Materials: In 200 patients who scheduled for CABG in first 6 half of year 1387 in educational hospitals of the shiraz university, aged between 40-65- years old, renal function tests including BUN, serum cr and urinalysis (for detection of proteinuria) were registered in pre operation and post operation period. Hematocrit level of these patients was checked before operation, during bypass (in 3 times) and immediately after stoppage of cardio pulmonary by pass pumps. Then we evaluated changes which have been occurred in post operation renal function tests in comparison with these data which checked at pre operation time and proceeded to existing probable relations between these changes and hematocrit levels during pump time. Results: It was observed that if hematocrit levels are maintained at range of 21-26% in limitation of hematocrit during pump time, renal function will be preserved in majority of these patients In four patienents, post operation serum creatinine increased twice in comparison with pre operation which seems that, mean level hematocrit in these four patients during pump time, situated in upper limit of preserved Hematocrit limitation during pump. Conclusion: It seems that kidney function will protect better if hematocrit level preserved about 21-22%. We recommend another study with larger sample size for better evaluation of this finding.